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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Sphaceloma perseae ： ウィキペディア英語版 Sphaceloma perseae ''Sphaceloma perseae'' is a plant-pathogenic fungus in the Ascomycota phylum. It infects the avocado plant (''Persea americana''), a tree native to Central America and Mexico. Currently there are three varieties of avocados in agricultural production: Guatemalan, Mexican, and West Indian. The pathogen is limited to the ''P. Americana'' species but is able to infect all three varieties. The resulting disease is known as avocado scab for the symptoms which are present on the fruit of the avocado tree. It is believed that the disease developed in Florida in the early twentieth century and is related to citrus scab, ''Elsinoe fawcetti''.〔 Since then, ''S.perseae'' has spread to many regions worldwide that support cultivation of the avocado tree. This pathogen threatens the global avocado market, including both importers and exporters of the crop. Countries which import avocados, including the United States, have experienced a rising demand over the past decade which is projected to continue for years to come. An understanding of avocado scab characteristics and feasible prevention methods is essential to maintenance of cultures and economies influenced by the avocado fruit. == Environment == ''S. perseae'' has the potential to be a problem in all areas around the world that avocados grow. It has been recorded throughout Africa, Central America, South America, Asia, and the West Indies. The incidence increases in regions with higher humidity and moderate climates with frequently cool or warm weather. An exception to this trend is in Australia and New Zealand. To date there has been no disease reported in either country. In the places where the pathogen is present, windy conditions are what most favor dispersal of fungal spores. These regions also share rainy weather and overall moist conditions which promote sporulation of conidia on infected plant tissue. The cooler areas have seen even higher rates of infection which suggests that the fungus favors these conditions to develop and spread. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sphaceloma perseae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.